Matatu/PSV Route Profitability Calculator: Calculate matatu/psv route profitability in Seconds

Calculate profitability by route. Optimize routes for maximum revenue. This tool helps you calculate, understand, and optimize this metric for your business.

By Veira Business Expert, Business Advisor at VeiraPublished June 2024Updated June 2024
Calculator
Sacco charges, parking, minor repairs, anything paid daily.
Result
KES 1,580 a day, KES 41,080 over 26 days
Revenue per dayKES 10,080
Fuel per dayKES 4,500
Crew per dayKES 2,200
Other daily costsKES 1,800
Profit per dayKES 1,580
Over 26 daysKES 41,080
Load factor needed to break even63.2%

The break-even load factor is the figure to watch: below 63% occupancy the vehicle loses money that day regardless of how many trips it makes. This models the daily cash only. It does not include vehicle finance, insurance, licensing, Sacco charges, maintenance or the replacement cost of the vehicle, and leaving those out is how a route looks profitable for two years and then does not.

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The break-even load factor

Revenue on a route is fare times seats times trips times how full the vehicle actually runs. Costs on the day are fuel, crew and everything else paid daily. The useful output is the load factor at which the two meet.

Below that occupancy the vehicle loses money that day regardless of how many trips it makes, which is why adding trips to a poorly loaded route usually makes the problem worse rather than better.

The costs this deliberately leaves out

This models daily cash only. It excludes vehicle finance, insurance, licensing, Sacco charges levied other than daily, scheduled maintenance and the replacement cost of the vehicle itself.

Leaving those out is exactly how a route looks profitable for two years and then does not. Take the daily profit, subtract a realistic monthly provision for all of them, and judge the route on what is left.

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Worked examples

14 seats, 8 trips, KES 120 fare, 75% full
  • Revenue KES 10,080 a day
  • Fuel, crew and daily costs KES 8,500
  • Profit KES 1,580 a day before finance, insurance and maintenance
  • Break-even load factor 63.2%

Frequently asked questions

How do I work out if a matatu route is profitable?
Revenue is fare times seats times trips times the average load factor. Subtract fuel, crew and other daily costs. The useful output is the break-even load factor, below which the vehicle loses money that day.
Why does adding trips not always help?
Because each trip adds fuel and wear whether or not it adds passengers. On a poorly loaded route more trips usually deepen the loss rather than closing it.
What costs are missing from this calculation?
Vehicle finance, insurance, licensing, Sacco charges not levied daily, scheduled maintenance and the replacement cost of the vehicle. This models daily cash only, and leaving those out is how a route looks profitable until it does not.
How do I judge a route properly?
Take the daily profit, subtract a realistic monthly provision for finance, insurance, maintenance and eventual replacement, and judge the route on what remains.

Doing this by hand every time? Veira runs the same calculation automatically on every sale, no spreadsheet required.

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