eTIMS

eTIMS for Farmers and Agribusiness in Kenya

K By Kev 22 June 2026 8 min read
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eTIMS guide

eTIMS for farmers and agribusiness becomes relevant the moment you sell produce to a business buyer, processor or exporter who needs a compliant invoice. If you farm commercially in Kenya, this guide explains when eTIMS applies to your produce sales, how zero-rated agricultural items are treated, and how to keep clean records of what you sell.

On this page
  1. When eTIMS applies to farming
  2. How farmers handle eTIMS
  3. Farmer eTIMS mistakes
  4. A farmer selling to a processor
  5. Veira for farmers and agribusiness
  6. Frequently asked questions

When eTIMS applies to farming

Selling produce to a neighbour at the gate is one thing, but selling to a processor, an exporter, a supermarket or any business buyer is a clear commercial sale. Those buyers want a compliant invoice so they can claim the cost of the produce they buy from you. As agribusiness formalises, more farm sales fall into this category.

Many unprocessed agricultural products are zero-rated for VAT, which means the invoice carries no VAT but is still a compliant invoice. Knowing which of your products are zero-rated, exempt or standard-rated keeps your invoicing correct and avoids charging VAT where you should not.

The zero-rated treatment carries a useful advantage that many farmers miss. Because produce sales are zero-rated rather than exempt, a VAT-registered agribusiness can still reclaim the input VAT on standard-rated farm inputs like packaging, fuel and some equipment, even though it charges no VAT on the produce itself. Treating the sale as exempt by mistake throws that legitimate refund away.

How farmers handle eTIMS

Work out where commercial sales and VAT treatment land, then keep every sale and input cost on record.

  1. 1

    Identify your business buyers

    Processors, exporters, supermarkets and other business buyers need compliant invoices. Focus your compliance there.

  2. 2

    Know your VAT treatment

    Determine which produce is zero-rated, exempt or standard-rated so each invoice is correct.

  3. 3

    Onboard with the right PIN

    Use the correct KRA PIN for the farm or agribusiness entity, with current iTax contacts.

  4. 4

    Issue compliant invoices on sales

    For each commercial sale, issue a compliant invoice with the buyer’s PIN where they are a business.

  5. 5

    Track produce, cost and margin

    Record what you sell and at what cost so you know whether each crop or product is actually profitable.

Farmer eTIMS mistakes

Charging VAT on zero-rated produce

Many unprocessed products are zero-rated. Charging VAT on them is wrong and creates reconciliation problems.

No invoices for processor sales

Business buyers need compliant invoices. Selling without one limits who will buy from you.

No record of cost and margin

Without tracking input costs against sales, you cannot tell which crops make money.

Forfeiting input VAT on farm inputs

Because produce is usually zero-rated, not exempt, a VAT-registered farm can reclaim input VAT on packaging, fuel and other standard-rated inputs. Treating produce as exempt, or not registering when it pays, quietly hands that refund back.

A farmer selling to a processor

Worked example

A farmer sells produce to a processing company for KES 300,000. The produce is zero-rated, so the compliant invoice shows the KES 300,000 with no VAT charged, while still carrying a control number and the processor’s PIN so the buyer can record the purchase properly.

The farmer tracks the cost of growing that produce against the sale, and the profit margin calculator shows whether the crop genuinely paid after inputs. Because the invoice is compliant and the VAT treatment correct, the processor’s records are clean and the relationship is easy to continue season after season.

Because the produce is zero-rated rather than exempt, the farm can also reclaim the input VAT on the standard-rated packaging and fuel it bought to get that crop to the processor. Over a season those refunds are real money, and they only stand up because the farm kept compliant invoices for both its sales and its inputs.

Business impact

Trading without eTIMS-compliant tax invoices risks KRA penalties, blocked VAT input claims for your customers, and receipts a business buyer cannot expense.

Veira signs every sale to KRA eTIMS automatically, so each receipt is compliant the moment it prints, with no separate device to reconcile.

Veira for farmers and agribusiness

Veira issues compliant invoices for produce sales with the correct VAT treatment, including zero-rated items, and captures buyer PINs for processors, exporters and supermarkets. Your commercial sales are documented cleanly.

It also tracks what you sell and at what cost, so you can see which crops and products are profitable rather than guessing. That turns compliance into a tool for running a better farm business.

Veira keeps the compliant invoices for your inputs, the packaging, fuel and supplies you buy, alongside your produce sales, so a VAT-registered farm can claim the input VAT it is owed on zero-rated output. The refund you are entitled to stops slipping away.

Frequently asked questions

Do farmers need eTIMS in Kenya?
When you sell to business buyers such as processors, exporters or supermarkets, they need compliant invoices, so eTIMS applies to those commercial sales.
Is produce VAT zero-rated?
Many unprocessed agricultural products are zero-rated, meaning no VAT is charged but a compliant invoice is still issued. Confirm each product’s treatment.
Do I charge VAT when I sell produce?
Only if the product is standard-rated. Zero-rated and exempt produce carry no VAT, though the invoice is still compliant.
What does a processor need on my invoice?
A compliant invoice with your PIN and theirs, the produce described, the amount, and a control number, with the correct VAT treatment.
How do I know if my crop is profitable?
Track input costs against sales. The profit margin calculator shows whether a crop pays after the cost of growing it.
Which PIN should an agribusiness use?
The correct entity’s KRA PIN, used consistently across all sales, so your records reconcile.
Can a farmer reclaim VAT on inputs if produce is zero-rated?
Yes, if you are VAT registered. Zero-rated produce lets you reclaim the input VAT on standard-rated inputs like packaging and fuel, unlike exempt supplies. Keep compliant invoices for those purchases so the refund stands up.
Do I need to register for VAT as a farmer?
You must register once your taxable turnover crosses the KES 5,000,000 threshold in a year. Below that it is optional, but registering can be worthwhile when you sell zero-rated produce and carry reclaimable input VAT on your inputs.

For farmers and agribusiness, eTIMS applies wherever you sell to business buyers, and getting the zero-rated treatment right keeps those invoices clean. Identify your commercial buyers, know your VAT treatment, invoice compliantly, and track cost and margin. Check crop profitability with the margin calculator, run the readiness checker, or book a free demo.

For more eTIMS guides and compliance resources, visit our free resource site.

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